Go

Go is a traditional Chinese board game. It was referred to as "yi" in ancient times. Legends trace the game's origin back more than 4,000 years to the mythical Chinese emperor Yao, making it the oldest board game in the world.

Go is a two-player game played with a board and pieces. The board is marked with 19 parallel vertical lines and 19 par- allel horizontal lines, forming 361 points. The pieces used in the game are flat underneath and convex on top, and they come in two colors, black and white. The players have at their dis- posal 181 black pieces and 180 white pieces. There are various formats, including occupying territory and drawing unbroken lines. In ancient times Go held significant cultural and recre- ational value, and was popular among literati and scholars. They regarded music, chess, calligraphy, and painting as the four essential arts, and considered Go to be an elegant activity that reflects intelligence and personality.

Go holds a crucial place in the history of China's cultural exchanges with foreign countries. From the Sui (581-618) and Tang (618-907) dynasties, the game was introduced to Korea, Japan, and other countries and gradually spread to various parts of the world. Today, Go has become an important intellectual sport in the international sports arena.

圍棋

圍棋是中國傳統(tǒng)棋種，古稱“弈”，相傳為上古時期部落首領堯所發(fā)明，是世界上最古老的棋類游戲。中國圍棋歷史已有4000年以上。

圍棋是兩人對局，有棋盤和棋子。棋盤上有橫豎各19條平行線，構成361個交叉點。棋子為扁圓形，分黑白兩種，黑子為181枚，白子為180枚。古時，圍棋作為一項重要的文化娛樂活動，在文人和士大夫中較為流行。他們將“琴、棋、書、畫”四者相提并論，認為圍棋是一個反映智慧、體現(xiàn)志趣的高雅藝術。

圍棋是中國歷史上對外文化交流的重要內容。隋唐以后，圍棋先后傳入朝鮮、日本等國，并逐漸傳播到世界各地。如今，圍棋已成為國際體育領域智力競技的重要項目。